हिन्दी
There are four Aśramas (modes of life) with their sixteen subclasses. There are four kinds of Brahmacariņas - Gayatra, Brahmana, Präjäpatya and Brhan. Who remains occupied with Gayatri-mantra after the sacrificial thread ceremony unto three nights and without taking salt in the food; is called Gayatra. One who keeps himself busy on the study of Vedas upto fourty-eight years of his life in celibacy and allocates twelve years period for the study of a Vedas and who observes celibacy until the due knowledge on Veda acquired; is called Brahmana. One who copulates with wife only in Rtukāla (the time of a woman's menstrual discharge) and doesn't establish sexual relation with the females else his wife is called Prajapatya. Or also Who resides in the house of his teacher upto twenty-four years is called Brahmana and who resides for fourty-eight years is called Prajapatya. The celibate who is quite perfect and doesn't leave his teacher throughout life is called Brhan.
Also, the Grhasthus (householders) are of four kinds. These are Varttaka-vitti, Šalina-vitti (modesty), Yayavaras and the Ghora-samnyasikas. Those are Värttaka-vitts (living on agriculture) who engaged in agriculture, animal husbandry and the business permitted under the prevalent law of the country and do the worship of Soul by organising the offerings upto hundred years of their life. Salina-vritis (living a modest life) are they, who arrange offering the messiness, but they do not offer on behalf of others. They study but doesn't teach others. They provide others with gift but doesn't receive any. Thus, they worship the soul engaging themselves in offering upto hundred years. Yayavaras (having no fixed abode) are the couple who do offering and make others to do the same. They read and make others to read. They get and give the gifts. Thus, they worship the soul by performing sacrificial acts upto hundred years. The Ghora-samnyasins are they who perform their acts taking the pure water only, survive on the grains fallen on the ground picked up every day. Thus, they worship the soul by performing the offerings upto hundred years.
The past-couple Asrama (Vanaprastha) is also of four kinds. These are Vaikhanas, Udumbara, Balakhilya and Phenapa. The Vaikhānas person survive on the cereals self-grown, and the medicines and vegetation's duly matured by expelled or refused by the villagers. They do Pañca Mahāyajña and thus worship the Soul. Udumbara are the persons who get up early in the morning and perform the Pañca Mahāyajña by offering the Udumbara, Badara, Nivåra etc. as the material. The Balakhilyas are the persons who had matted hair, put on the hide of animals and the bark of trees as cloths, take as food the flowers and the fruits upto four months, abandon the accumulated flowers and fruits on the full moon day in Kartika month. The rest of eight months they earn for their living and perform the Panca Mahayajña. The Phenap are the persons who do the worship of soul by using the torn leaves and fruits like a man suffering from insane. They live wherever they get the space and thus do the worship of soul by performing the Panca Mahayajña.
The recluses are also of four kinds. The first are called Kuticaka, the second Bahüdaka, the third Harhsa and the fourth Paramaharhsa. Kuțicaka are the recluse who do meditation on Soul by surviving on alms from the houses of their sons etc. Bahüdaka are the recluse who meditate on the element of soul by putting the brown apparels, the nicker (Langoti), sacrificial thread, braid, a seat, the slippers, a vessel for water, a bag, Kamandala and a trident and surviving on alms from the houses of good Brahmaņas. The Hamsa are the recluse who hold a stick, a carry bag, the sacrificial thread and Kamandala. They do not grow the braid on their head and hold only a stick. They live for a night in a village and for five nights in city and pilgrim place. They do meditation on the element of soul by observing one or two nights in the fast namely Krechra-Cândrayaņa etc. Parama Hamsa are the recluse who doesn't hold the stick, clean their hair from the head and hold Kantha and Kaupīna. Their penis (linga) is unseen, and they always remain silent and stable. They behave like the intoxicants while they never use the intoxications. They abandon the trident, Kamandala, a carry bag for collecting alms, the holy pot of water, slipper, seat, braid and the sacrificial thread etc. They live in a barren house or the abode of god (Devalaya). The good or bad and the truth or false has no meaning for them. They bear with everything, they see equally to all the deem, do distinction between a stone, a lump of clay and the gold. They live on alms given by all four Varņas and always live in contentment. They make free the soul from the tie and do all measure to liberate the soul.
